9 Things Primary and Secondary Teachers Can Teach One Another

"Are you kidding me? I could never do that. Those people are crazy."
-- Every high school teacher when asked if they'd ever consider teaching elementary.

"Are you kidding me? I could never do that. Those people are crazy."
-- Every elementary teacher when asked if they'd ever consider teaching high school.

In my first few years as teacher, I had a kindergarten teacher for a roommate.  Many an evening we would commiserate over the trials and tribulations of our respective positions.  She would tell me of her struggles with nose pickers and biters, and I would relay tales of angsty, full-of-attitude teenagers and the various layers of drama steeped in every hallway.  Each of us marveled at the other's ability to tolerate the intolerable, and would swear to never step foot into one another's arenas.

Life makes it's own plans, of course, and while I have remained professionally a high schooler my whole career, I have since become a father to four children who in their turns are marching their ways through elementary and middle school.  After an occasional class volunteering visit, and countless interactions with my kids and their seemingly endless hordes of neighborhood friends (some days I swear that my wife and I should be charging after-school care fees), I'm more convinced than ever that teaching primary school is not something I would be cut out for.

That said, I have had the good fortune to interact with elementary and middle school teachers a fair bit over these years.  Besides my own children's teachers, the online community is well populated with elementary teachers and some of the emerging social media formats that teachers are gravitating to are finding primary teachers as their early adopters.  Periscope and Blab are two broadcasting apps that are gaining mass appeal, and both of these platforms offer teachers some excellent opportunities to interact with colleagues around their jurisdictions, states and provinces, and the world as a whole.  But for a variety of reasons, both of these platforms seem far more heavily populated with teachers in the younger grades. So I find myself "hanging out" with some fabulous educators, but very few of them are in my teaching stratum.

And while I'm on the subject of the live broadcasting teacher community, I also want to take a moment to put a plug in for the growing teacher families on each of those media streams.  While the majority of teachers currently broadcasting live probably align fairly similarly with Pinterest's demographics (mostly female elementary teachers from the US), they are producing a lot of exciting, informative, and interesting content.  On any given night, you can log in to see people like Sheila Jane from sheilajaneteaching.com spreading missions of happiness and harmony.  Teachers Pay Teachers gurus not only hawk their wares, but share their secrets for growing businesses that help teachers justify hours of personal time spent developing content for their (and others') classrooms.  Education advocates and cheerleaders for student success and engagement share powerful stories of traditional and progressive classrooms around the world.  While these social media streams are in their infancy, I daresay that they might be the "Next Big Thing" in teacher professional networking.

But I digress...

Let me share some of the things we "bigs" can learn from the "littles" and vice versa, starting first with we high schoolers can offer the younger grades.

3 Things that "Littles" Teachers Can Learn From "Bigs" Teachers

1. Non-conformity

Most of these items I hope will be more on the positive side, but I'll start with one that is perhaps a little sour, so that we can end on a happy note.  I will illustrate with a story:

One day I came home from work to what I thought was an empty house.  After a couple minutes I realized that I could hear my aforementioned kindergarten-teaching roommate in the basement, which was unusual, because she was usually one to say hi when one of us came home.  I went down to see her, and as I approached the threshold of "her house" (she lived in the suited basement of my house, but we were well enough friends that the whole house was welcome to each of us), I could hear sniffling and the stilted breath of someone who had obviously been crying.

I peeked slowly around the corner, and asked "hey... you OK?"

She sobbed softly.  I sat beside her and gave her a hug, trying to figure out what this might be about.  She was quite upset.  Had someone passed away?  Had her boyfriend dumped her?  I waited for her to compose herself, and asked again what was troubling her.

"It's stupid," she replied sheepishly.

"It can't be THAT stupid if it's got you this upset.  What's up?"

"Shirley" (a colleague) "told Christine" (another colleague) "that my bulletin board... and this is how she put it... 'looks like someone let the resource kids be in charge of it.'"  

This brought on a renewal of tears, which was convenient for me because they caused her to miss the look of abject confusion on my face as I pondered how it could be possible that a second-hand critique of a teacher's bulletin boards by a colleague could warrant this much anxiety.

Apparently in elementary school, bulletin boards are a thing.

And I've since come to learn that just about everything else is too.  While it certainly isn't a universal truth about every school and every staff, I've come to learn that Keeping-Up-With-the-Joneses can be a very big deal in the younger grades.  That's not to say that it doesn't happen in upper levels, but we tend to have a much more difficult time (and thus perhaps a lesser tendency) of comparing one another across subject specialties.  I, quite frankly, don't have nearly as focussed a picture of what an excellent English/Language Arts classroom looks like as, say, a Science classroom.  Moreover, we expect that the Music teacher and the PE teacher will have very different personalities and skill sets, and while that might be a source for some good-natured (and sometimes not-so-good-natured) joking, diversity is sort of the norm in secondary school.

But in many elementary schools, there is apparently a "way" that everyone is more or less expected to be.  Whether it's how loud a classroom is, what's up on its walls, how much tech is being used, how a class lines up at the end of recess, or the quality of a grade's Christmas pageant offering, just about everything is fair game for scrutiny and judgement.

This may sound fairly accusatory, but it really is not meant to be.  I want to call it out because I desperately want teachers, no matter what their grade or subject level, to be helpful and supportive of one another.  I want this for more reasons than I can count -- for the mental health and well-being of my colleagues, my kids, and my society as a whole.  I want all teachers to feel like they have a chance to be themselves and to express themselves creatively through the contexts of their practices.  When we create, when we are able to be expressive of ourselves as a person, we can be at our best.

So I'm going to offer this to the primary teachers out there.  It's an outsider's advice, so I will take no offense if you tell me to stuff it:

Embrace your differences.  If you like how you're doing things, and they're working for your kids, great!  Keep doing it.  Yes, there's such a thing as best practice, but the notion that best practice looks the same in every room is simply incorrect.  Personalities factor in, and these differ from class to class, teacher to teacher.  Your colleagues can certainly be a source of inspiration and ideas, but the people you have to answer to and live up to are the ones who sit in the small desks in your room, not the ones who sit in the big desks outside of it.  Be your kids' hero, not your colleagues'.

If you do encounter differences in approach with a colleague who is producing results in their students learning (and please let's focus on that and not the window dressing that often gets critiqued instead) that is of lesser quality, then find the courage and compassion to support, nurture, and encourage that colleague with positivity and kindness.  If you can't do that, then kindly keep your opinions to yourself.

2. What You Need to Give Them Before You Give Them to Us

A dear friend asked me advice one day on how to approach the subject of homework with his daughter's grade 2 teacher.  Apparently his 7-year old was getting homework on almost a nightly basis, sometimes more than an hour's worth in a single evening.  He felt this was extreme for a grade 2, and wanted some advice on how to broach the subject from someone "on the inside."

I couldn't provide much advice beyond advising him to address the issue with the teacher before sending it up the flagpole to admin.  One thing I encouraged him to ask, however, was about the teacher's philosophical foundations regarding homework.  "Ask her what she thinks the students gain by doing the work she is assigning at home, rather than at school," I advised.  I encouraged this partially because it was a question for which I was myself curious to hear the answer.  Later on, he shared with me her response:

"We need to develop good study habits so they're ready when they get to high school."

You're probably giving your head as vigorous a shake as I did when I heard this reply.  Does a grade 2 teacher really feel compelled to prepare students for something that doesn't begin for another 7 or 8 years??  I am fully aware that this example is an exception among elementary teachers, and not the rule.  My own children have all received very reasonable amounts of homework at their respective grade levels in my opinion.  

That said, I have often come across the notion among teachers of all grades that students need to be habituated to certain norms in preparation for their future schooling, sometimes schooling that is particularly distant.  We high schoolers are equally guilty, "preparing" many more students for college and university careers that a significant percentage of them are never going to have (not only because some won't attend college, but also because many won't take classes in our particular subject area).

So primary teachers, I'd like to pass along a request from one upper level counterpart, and perhaps my fellow high schoolers will extrapolate similar advice:

The only grade you need to get your students ready for is their next grade.  That is all.  If you teach grade 2, please only get them ready for grade 3.  That's it.  Please let us worry about getting the 9th grader ready for 10th grade and so on.

And to teachers of every grade:  I appreciate that you are thinking of your student's future.  I am too.  But can I ask you to also think about his or her present?  If your class is only concerned with tomorrow, how can you ask them to be engaged with their learning today?  You might be able to match the importance of your work today with rewards you'll see down the road, but you have the benefit of a well-developed frontal lobe to help you make those connections.  Kids do not.  If you spend too much time preparing your students for my world, they're going to show up already hating it, and in that case any gains you've made in preparation will have been lost in their attitudes and motivation.

3. Math

I get it: Math isn't everyone's cup of tea.  More than any other subject area, Math gets treated as the one plain donut in a box of iced and jelly-filled goodness.  Certainly that's not true of every class and every teacher, and I know that there are plenty of innovative teachers who are doing amazing things at developing numeracy skills in young learners.

But I also know that it only takes one bad year in math for a kid to be completely turned off the subject, and, sadly, by the time they show up in their first high school math class, most kids have firmly made up their minds about the subject, and many have decided that they "just aren't any good at math" or that they "can't do math at all."

Part of this blame lays at the feet of math curriculum developers who adhere to antiquated notions about what K-12 students "need" in their math education.  But it may also lay at the feet of teachers who have strong reservations and misgivings about the subject.

If imparting a sense of numeracy is not your forte, may I humbly suggest checking out Jo Boaler's video series on the subject.  It's long, but absolutely fantastic, and as a non-native Math teacher, I found it to be game changing in my ability to convey math principles to students at their level.

6 Things that "Bigs" Teachers can Learn From "Littles" Teachers

First off, I want to say that it's no coincidence this list is longer.  Some high schoolers can be pretty high & mighty about being "on top" of the K-12 totem pole (and I've definitely been guilty of this), but we should really get out of our own ways and pay attention to the good things that are happening at the younger grades.  There's plenty that can be gleaned from their examples, and this is just a short list of things I've picked up directly from those wonderful primary teachers over the years:

1. Math (and Reading)

Didn't I just say that this was something the primary teachers need to learn from the high schoolers?  Yes, but there are plenty of elementary teachers who could be of significant benefit to even the most scholarly of high school math teachers as well.  And the same is true of literacy specialists in the younger grades and their English/Language Arts teaching counterparts up above.

We high schoolers come to the table with advanced subject specialties.  The math teachers, for instance, understand complex algebra, geometry, calculus, and statistics.  But do we all understand how to identify deficits in and impart very basic foundational skills in numeracy and literacy?  Not often enough, frankly.  

We teachers each have students in our classes who are struggling well below grade level in reading and math fluency.  All too often, these students see no advancement in their grade level achievement throughout high school unless they have specialized interventions in place with resources that are in limited supply in most schools.  We teachers have the ability to fill in those gaps if we come armed with an understanding of how.  But that understanding is often treated cursorily, if at all, in the secondary math and English programs of teacher colleges.

2. How Carefully Considered Their Spaces Are

I marvel at many elementary classrooms.  Every square inch is considered.  The walls.  The floors.  Sometimes even the ceilings.  It all has a purpose, it's all organized, and often the various corners of a room will have a very particular feel or nuance, perfectly adapted to the task intended to transpire there.  I need to learn this.

Presently, I'm just terrible at setting an emotional tone through my decor.  Growing up, I distinctly remember the "warm" classrooms I learned in and the "cold" ones.  In the warm ones I was more engaged, more relaxed, more welcome, and I simply learned better.  I realize the physical setup is not necessarily the only cause of those effects, but it's certainly one of them.  Following elementary teachers on Pinterest and Instagram has inspired me to make my classroom a better looking space, though I suspect I'll be asking for a lot of advice and guidance from them in the process.  That's okay too.

3. Teaching the Whole Child

This one isn't entirely our faults.  Most primary teachers start with a group of students and stay with them for a full year.  Most secondary teachers see their years divided into semesters & terms and their days divided into courses and periods.  Seeing 120 kids in a single day is by no means a rarity, and you might only see some of them for a couple of months in a year that is chopped into quarters.

Nevertheless, the most important thing we can do as educators is to connect with the kids in our rooms on a personal level.  Yes it's harder when they come and go so much.  Yes, it's hard when we feel the pressures of curricular goals and standardized testing looming over us.  But we need to fight that off and get to know our students on a personal level.

I've seen a few teachers toss out a statement on social media that goes something like this: "I teach students, not subjects."  It's getting to be a touch cliche, but I appreciate the sentiment.  We need to connect with our kids as humans, and not as IPP codes, or social stereotypes (jocks, etc.), or numbers in a grade book.  The moment we start stripping students of their humanity is the moment we license an administrator or a jurisdiction to strip us of ours.

4.  Exhibition

Whether it's with flashy bulletin boards, newsletters home, class performances, or projects to take back to mom and dad, primary teachers do a much better job at exhibiting the work of their students.  That's not to say we don't do this at all, but I think it's fair to say that we don't do it as much (at least not in the "core" subject areas -- my school's fine arts department would have some rather valid counterpoints to make here).  

I can't say enough about the importance of having students perform, exhibit, and share the work they do in school with others.  I have a whole other post coming that describes why the work has to matter more than the grade, so I won't get too carried away here, but exhibition is an important part of that concept.

Now you, dear high school teacher, might ask me "so you want me to hang the students' math worksheets on the walls?"  Nope.  No, I really don't.  I want us to find work for them to do that is worthy of hanging on the walls, taking home, and/or spreading to the world at large.  Again, that is the topic of a very different post.

5. Letting the Village Help Raise the Child

Volunteerism is alive and well in primary schools.  Granted in many schools it's mostly parents doing the volunteering, but for some reason that spirit all but vanishes in many communities by the time the high school years roll around.  I'll freely admit that the needs of a high school math class are substantially different than those of a kindergarten class (to say nothing of the average parent's potential to be of legitimate assistance in those two environments), but we still need to acknowledge that parent involvement in a lot of high schools is spartan at best.  Some of the blame may rest with moms & dads who are happy to finally be reclaiming some of their own lives back after years of bake sales and concerts, but there are plenty of parents who still want be involved, some desperately.  Does your school make it easy to find and make those connections?  Do you?

Beyond parents there are community members eager to share their expertise with students.  Doing a journalism unit in English?  Are there any journalists who might be able to share some insights?  Working on a projectile motion project in physics?  Is there an engineer who might be able to offer advice on student designs?  Making connections with the community and the world at large legitimizes the work we're asking our students to perform.  Finding outlets for parents to get more involved in the school community enriches the culture of the building and potentially affords teachers  the time to do the sorts of things that only we can really do.

6. Collaboration

Yes, I'm going to beat this dead horse some more.  Every grade level needs to ratchet this practice up more, but the primary folks are leading the way here.  Maybe they have a leg up because there is more uniformity in their practices than in ours, but whatever the reason, they're doing it better.  We need to get off our islands, get out of our comfort zones, and start dismantling the walls between subject areas and grade levels, even if it's just once in a while and only a little bit at a time.

In the early years of my teacher practice, I was very uncomfortable with opening my door to outsiders.  I didn't want them to see me for the fraud I often felt that I was as a teacher.  Yes, I did my job, but I often felt as though I didn't know how to do it well, and whatever accolades I received were as a result of what amounted to me as "smoke and mirrors."  I felt as though I was interspersing average teaching with little more than entertainment, and that I'd rather be seen as a good teacher than a bad one who was at least funny sometimes.

If you are like I was, suffering from what some call "Imposter Syndrome," you actually need to open your door more, not less.  The best way to get better at what you do is to talk openly and honestly with others who do the same kind of work, regardless of how much better or worse they are than you.  You need to see and be seen teaching, whether it's informally or formally.

*****

As teachers, as much as ever, we need to help build one another up and be supportive of each other.  This is a challenging job, and everyone who has stepped in front of a class is a kindred spirit.  Regardless of the age you teach, there is something to be learned and gained from interacting with other teachers.  Sometimes you'll be the one receiving the most benefit from these exchanges, and sometimes another person will.  But overall, our society and our world as a whole prospers when teachers get better at what they do and are more happy doing it.  Every single one of us has the ability to help bring out the best in one another, and in so doing we'll all be better at bringing out the best in our kids.

So I challenge you, dear reader, to listen first, to reserve your judgement, and to lead with compassion and kindness.

♥

Vive la revolution!!

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Are The Goals We Set for Our Struggling Learners Holding Them Back?

Dan is a 9th grade student who is into hockey, skateboarding, and horror flicks.  He has a handful of good friends, is crushing on a girl in his 3rd period math class, and can eat his body weight in cafeteria tater tots.  He also has a learning disability.  In grade 4 he was professionally assessed and diagnosed with ADHD.  His parents were told that because of limitations in his working memory, learning would be a challenge.

Dan's parents sat down with his teachers in elementary school who developed an Individualized Program Plan (IPP) to help support him in his learning.  With the help of aids, he was able to keep his head above water for the next few years, but things started going really sideways around grade 7.  He was failing classes and getting in trouble at school.  He stopped taking his ADHD meds, claiming they didn't help and that he "didn't need them and was stupid anyway, so what's the point."

As he entered high school, his IPP came along with him.  His four teachers in his four classes were given access to a digital version of the document and asked, without ever having met him, to craft some goals and expectations for this student.  They each read his background diligently and each of them make their level best attempt at writing some goals that are consistent with the background spelled out in the document and his grades history.  They write things like...

"Dan will self-advocate and identify instances where accessing accommodations will be of benefit."

"Dan will seek assistance from his classroom teachers and resource aids for help when encountering difficulties."

It is a Tuesday, and Dan has a science test.  He hasn't studied.  He hasn't handed in any of his homework from the unit.  He hasn't attended all of the classes in which the test material was covered.  He is anxious.  There is a knot in his stomach, and he can't keep his feet from wiggling.  He knows that he won't be able to focus on what the test will say, and he knows it would be easier if he moved to a quieter space.  He also knows that if he can hear the questions instead of reading them, that they'll make more sense.

But he also knows everyone in the room will look at him if he asks for anything.  He knows they'll think he's an idiot.  He knows they'll make fun of him later.  He knows that if he just sits there and says nothing, no one will look at him, no one will think badly of him, and no one will care that he doesn't understand any of what's on this test.

The teacher places the test in front of him and pauses for a moment.  He leans in and very quietly whispers,

"Dan, would you like to do this test in the resource room?"

Dan's heart is in his throat.  He can feel everyone staring at him.  His face flushes.

"No, I'm good... I-I'll be fine," he stammers.

The teacher lingers...

"Are you sure?"

"I'm fine."

Dan guesses on almost every question.  He fails.  Again.

*****

It sounds pretty bleak, but if you're thinking this is a rare and particularly fabricated tale, I'll just say that I wish it were so.  Tragically, I can admit that I have played the role of teacher in that tale, and I have taught a great many "Dans."

We come with the very best of intentions, but the execution is all too often simply not meeting the real needs of our kids.  And tragically, too many teachers, administrators, and systems people are not being sufficiently critical of their practices to move this in another direction.

We talk a pretty lofty and idealistic game about how we're going to help kids grow into strong, resilient, self-reliant young adults.  We craft high-minded phrases like "will self-advocate and identify instances" and "will seek assistance" when we imagine how students will climb that responsibility ladder and pull themselves out of intellectual poverty.  Unfortunately, those "goals" are too often the reason for why they can't or don't.

Whether it's a learning disability, a rough home life, an empty belly, or a health problem, kids are bringing hosts of factors beyond their control to school.  We might want them to have "grit," and we might hope they'll all take responsibility for their learning, but our wants and hopes don't make these things happen by themselves any more than theirs do.

It's time for us to own up to the reality that kids are falling through the cracks and that we're contributing to that.  Yes, they have homes, and lives, and histories, and genes that also contribute.  But those facts do not absolve us from doing what we can to make meaningful strides in helping the marginalized and struggling learners in our charge.

When our first conversations with challenged learners start with "goals" that our students had no hand in creating and that ultimately distill down to "try harder" or "figure it out for me," then we've failed them before they've even walked into the building.  Telling kids the only way they'll get help is to come ask for it, when it's already painfully obvious they need the help, is irresponsible.  We have a responsibility as educators to avoid creating barriers that keep kids from getting the help they need.  Heaping the responsibility for learning exclusively on to these students isn't going to build their resiliency, agency, or sense of self-advocacy.  It will (and does) build their resentment, self-loathing, and disenfranchisement.  It is our responsibility to be the care givers and to try to meet them where they are in order to help them forward, rather than to expect them to come on their own.

I won't pretend to have all the solutions.  I'm struggling with this as well, but here are a few suggestions I can offer:

• Make a very distinct point of making a personal connection with your struggling learners.  It may take longer to whittle away their walls than those of your gregarious classroom all-stars, but keep working on them.  If you can build trust, make them feel safe, make them feel cared for, you might be able to get them to drop the armor long enough to learn how best to help and support them.


• Find a way to generate one-on-one conversations with those students away from the ears and eyes of their peers.  Create private and personalized codes or signals as necessary with them so as to minimize exposure of their vulnerabilities.


• Constantly reflect on what's working and what's not for these students.  Don't assume that the accommodations that they showed up with are still serving their needs.  Try different approaches if things aren't working.  Do they need a reader?  Text-to-speech? A peer mentor or study buddy?  A different kind of desk or chair?  A meal?  A kind ear?  Don't let it leave your radar.  It's hard; I get it.  Schedule yourself an IPP check in your calendar if you think it'll fall off your plate.


• Reflect on the process by which your school generates IPPs (or whatever your particular jurisdiction calls this type of document).  Are students and parents directly involved in the creation and maintenance of these documents?  If not, become an advocate for changing that.


• Talk with the rest of the folks that teach and work with these kids to find out what they're doing and learning about them, especially the resource teachers who are specifically trained in working with kids sporting learning disabilities.  Get off the island and collaborate.


• Reflect and be critical of your practice.  Yes, accountability is a thing, and we want kids to learn to be accountable.  But that is one goal among many, and for some kids, it might not be the most important goal at that moment.  Don't let "holding kids accountable for their learning" be your "moral" justification for not helping them to learn.  Dig deeper.  Figure them out.  Ask for help if you need it, and don't be afraid to admit that you don't know what to do.  Most days neither do I.  Let's keep trying together.

For more information and resources, Alberta Education has an Inclusive Education Library that is very helpful: http://www.learnalberta.ca/content/ieptLibrary/index.html

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The Going Gets Tough - 7 Change Obstacle Dodging Strategies

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Before getting into this post, I'd like to take moment to share something based on a little constructive feedback I recently received...

While I do hope this blog will be read by others (for all of the psychological "payoffs" one would associate with authoring), the truth is that the main reason I write here is to distill and clarify my own thoughts on the process of bringing about positive change.  If you happen to find the use of the second person in my writing and my constant referring to you as the reader a bit presumptuous and forthright, please consider that for most of my writing the "you" I am communicating to in these posts is really, more than anyone else, me.

Thanks for reading.

- Jason

****

TL;DR: Change is hard, and most folks would rather dance with the devil they know than the one they don't.  Identify your obstacles before they show up, be clear about your purpose and your plan, and find both the emotional and intellectual reasons for your stakeholders to support it.

Imagine for a minute that a government transportation official came on TV one day and announced that they would be overhauling all of the rules and laws for driving on roads in order to reduce the frequency of traffic accidents.  Additionally, imagine they hadn't yet fully sorted out the new rules and in their "infinite wisdom" decided that until the new rules were established, all existing rules would be null and void.  Traffic signals & such would still be functional, but no one would be required to obey any of the existing signals or rules until new ones had been established.

Firstly, consider your emotional response to such a proposal.  Granted, the scenario is ludicrous, so a realistic emotional response may be unlikely, but if you can try to imagine how you (or anyone else) would react to such an announcement, could you honestly say that your response would be one of excitement or relief?  Probably not.

The concept is ridiculous for a number of reasons, but consider for a moment what might actually happen in the days immediately following such a radical announcement.  Do you imagine the roads suddenly becoming utter chaos?  I suppose it's possible, but I suspect that what would most likely happen is that the overwhelming majority of folks would simply continue doing what they have always done until they were told to do otherwise: stopping on red, and going on green.  We might all be a lot more mindful and observant of the other drivers around us, but most likely we'd try getting around with what we already knew and were used to.

One of the reasons this is so is because change, particularly change involving uncertain outcomes, is something that we are biologically wired to resist.  Changes, especially the unexpected or ones with uncertain outcomes, trigger our most basic survival instincts.  When we're running on instinct, we tend to operate on what we know, what is familiar, and what is safe.

Now take a moment to think about this in the context of educational reform.  A teacher (or a school or a jurisdiction) is challenged with making a radical change to their operating procedures in order to produce a particular set of outcomes.  If the change has never really been tried, the path to the outcome is uncertain and its achievement is far from guaranteed.  How do most people tend to react to this?

Leadership author, Brent Filson, describes the motivational patterns of individuals in an organization as following a 20-60-20 rule:  He postulates that roughly 20% of people are highly motivated, impactful, and able to adapt to organizational or environmental change with little to no disruption.  At the other end of the scale are the 20% of people who not only tend to get less accomplished, but may also sabotage (intentionally or otherwise) the performance of others.  The remaining 60% lie somewhere between these two extremes in terms of motivation and performance and are often influenced to lean more favorably toward one of the two 20% extremes depending upon how strong or dominant one polar group is relative to the other.

In the context of educational change, we can imagine a similar set of groupings.  Regardless of how well the case for change is made, you can typically divide educators into 3 orientations toward it:

Adopters are ready, willing, and able to make the shift right away.  This is our top group, and while they might not represent exactly 20%, they will still typically be in the minority.
Opposers are not only unready, but they are actively opposed to the change and will either openly or covertly resist it.  This is our bottom group and again, depending on the change, will still probably be in the minority.
What's left is that middle 60 (give or take a few points either way).  These folks could potentially wind up going in either direction, and often the motivational and influential tug-of-war that takes place between the two extreme groups will determine the direction in which the middle majority will head.

What's important to understand here is that the middle group, like a driver on roads suddenly without rules, feels best served by what they already know -- the status quo.

Those who actively oppose change get a leg up on the adopters because most folks, even if they might be inclined to head out on the roads and test the chaos (hopefully with far less potential for vehicular mayhem than rule-less roads), will still tend to lean toward what they already know how to do.  And of course, that is not change.  So whether we're talking about teachers implementing a new initiative, parents whose children are navigating unfamiliar teaching methods, or administrators implementing policy changes in a school or a jurisdiction, more people than not are going to tend to prefer the status quo to the untried and untested.  Eventually, even the best laid plans born from the best of intentions will come under scrutiny and opposition.

So let's assume that you, dear reader, are not only an adopter of change, but perhaps even an instigator of it.  You've got your idea or your plan, and you may even have some allies who want to spur changes along with you.  However, it has occurred to you, either by foresight or an encounter, that putting your plan into motion requires getting around, over, or through challenges or barriers put up by others who are not as convinced as you are that the plan is worth pursuing.

So I present to you 7 strategies for getting your change start-up past the roadblocks that might stymie or stall it before it ever gets off the ground.  Most of these strategies are suggested with that middle 60% group in mind.  It's not to say that you couldn't or shouldn't spend time and energy on the opposers.  It's just that once the masses are convinced, once the top 20 (of which you are a part) wins the tug-of-war, the nay-saying will no longer matter.  Even if leadership or gatekeepers are in opposition, once your plan becomes a movement of the masses, no one person can remain in opposition to the majority for long.

1.  Figure out who's going to care and why.

Some might call this a stakeholder map, but whatever you name it spending the time to sort out who the change is going to impact and how it will do so is a vital exercise.  It is also worth considering who has a stake in the implementation and/or the outcomes of your change and why they are going to care about it.  Change produces enough chaos on its own without needing help from confused and uncertain stakeholders.  Will colleagues be affected by your plan?  Which ones, and to what degree?  How about parents? Jurisdiction leaders?

Take time to have a real and honest conversation with your team about what impact your proposal will have on others.  The impact might very well be an overall positive one.  But even so, if your "rollout" gives the impression that you haven't considered others in your grand designs, it will be met with even more opposition.

It's also worth thinking about what each party will want to know and why they might object to your proposal.  This exercise will serve two purposes: Firstly, it will hopefully mitigate the risk of being caught off guard with a question or a concern for which you have no reasonable response.  Secondly, it may allow you to identify real problems with your plan before you pitch it to others.

2.  Be prepared to answer a question that will likely go unasked: "What's in it for me?"

We all want to be able to say that "we're in it for the kids."  However, one needn't look very far or hard to find structures or procedures in education that serve the adults in the system more than the students.  That may seem an indictment of public education, but in reality it is simply an acknowledgement of the fact that the people in education are just that: people.  To some extent we're all looking out for number one, even when we're trying to look out for our students.

When the winds of change start blowing, each and every one of us, whether by instinct or intent, tries to evaluate how the change will impact our own lives and our own practices directly.  When that impact is unclear, the reaction is no better than one to an impact that is clearly negative.

To avoid this reaction, consider what positive effect your proposal might have on the person or group you are pitching the idea to.  Certainly you can (and likely should) come armed with informational ammunition about how your approach will positively impact students and their learning.  But people will also want to know how your change will impact them.  Will this save them time, make them more effective at their jobs, reduce their stress levels, or solve a problem in their lives?  Find what their emotional payoff could or should be and spell that out.  If you can't find one, at the very least be able to offer them as clear a picture as possible of what the impact will be.

3.  Make sure you have a clear idea of what needs to be done along the way.

You can have the most glorious and well articulated end state in mind when you go to sell your idea, but if you can't show others that you've at least found the Yellow Brick Road, they'll be unlikely to believe that you're going to make it to The Emerald City.  Change requires new behaviors.  If you can't articulate what those new behaviors will be and how you will set about implementing them, they'll be less likely to accept that the results are achievable.

It's not enough to say "we're going to increase student engagement."  That's an outcome, and it's a worthwhile one to be sure.  What your stakeholders want to know is how you're going to increase student engagement.  If you can't articulate how you hope to achieve your goals, at a minimum you should be able to articulate how you plan to find out.

4.  Find examples.

There's a very reasonable chance that you're not the first person to try this new thing that you want to try.  Who else has done what you want to do?  Has it worked?  Can you show others that it worked and can you articulate why?  If possible, can you relate that narrative to others in the form of a story?  If so, you've got a compelling recipe for overcoming objections before they are ever raised.  So take the time to do your research.

5.  Call in the cavalry.

Who else would be interested in seeing this change move forward?  Is it consistent with the long range plans of your jurisdiction, your parent council, or your government?  Are there allies whose support or endorsement may lend weight to overcoming opposition?  This may be a delicate issue, so certainly tread with care, but is there a person or organization in a position of superiority or influence to your potential opposition who would be an effective ally?  Consider that you may need to develop a support base before bringing the change to a particular stakeholder.

6.  Can it be prototyped?

If what you're proposing is, in fact, too much for a school or a department to bite off in one move, consider whether it's possible to do what you want on a smaller scale in order to demonstrate its efficacy.  Does narrowing the time frame make it more manageable?  How about the number of students/staff involved?  Can you create a "school within a school" where those who want to opt in can do so without heavily impacting those who do not?  Having a Plan B ready to go that allows you to achieve modest steps forward may be the necessary alternative to simply being told "no."

7.  Be mindful and listen.

Education reimaginer Monika Hardy encourages us to notice, dream, connect, do.  The first step in that sequence is "notice."  In her context, she encourages us to notice the problems and the needs of the world around us and to work towards filling those needs.  In this context the problems and needs of your stakeholders will be communicated to you through both their support and their opposition.  Taking careful notice of those messages and considering them mindfully (as opposed to focussing strictly on your own agenda) will allow you to navigate the challenges you will face as you attempt to bring the vision into reality.

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Change is certainly hard, but whatever happens, stick with it.  Change author Seth Godin tells us that "the way we make change happen is by being human, by being connected, and by doing things that might not work."  It's OK that it might not work.  We know that keeping the things the same ultimately isn't going to work either.  So march on.

Vive le resistance!



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Making It Happen: 4 Small Things that Can Start Something Big

Starting with this post, my TL;DR (Too Long; Didn't Read) tags will go at the start of my posts.  If you're looking at past posts, and are balking at the walls of text, scroll to the bottom for the Cliff Notes.

TL;DR: Every big change needs to start somewhere, and it's entirely possible for a teacher to initiate some very significant changes without having to take on a formal leadership position.  Find some like-minded allies with whom to form a positive, forward moving sub-culture.  Be evangelists, encourage connections, meet to create, and advocate for yourselves.

*****

Earlier in the week I, along with my colleagues from my own high school and our sister school across town, had the very good fortune of watching a screening of the documentary Beyond Measure, directed by Vicky Abeles.  The film, made by the same group who produced Race to Nowhere, beautifully framed some of the 21st century transformations that are taking place in the United States, as both K-12 and post-secondary schools grapple with the reality that traditional models of education are not serving students.

Among the many things I appreciated about the movie was seeing the struggles that some of the schools experienced as they tried to make their shifts from traditional to progressive practices.  One school was challenged with getting their kids to move beyond minimal, completionist efforts, while another navigated the pushback from students who felt there was insufficient direction and focus in the progressive methods rolled out to them.

There were many messages in the movie that were profound, but to me this one was particularly important: no transformational journey is completed in one step, and in fact no transformation is ever really complete.  As I discussed in my last post, evolution, adaptation, and growth are continuous processes that never truly see an end date.  They are part of life's journey, and education is but a small subset of that essential truth.

In each of the cases in the movie, the parties reached a critical point in their paths where the barriers seemed significant and the paths forward appeared to diverge.  Or more accurately, a point was reached in the journey where a decision had to be made whether to continue forward or turn around and go back the way they had come.

I have stood at this decision point countless times in both my career and personal life, so I can certainly identify with the emotion and uncertainty experienced in these moments.  In the film, we were able to see these schools soldier forward and stay true to the principles and decisions that had brought them to accepting a need for change in the first place.  I suspect that the presence of a few film crews roaming their halls and recording their journeys may have played some small motivational role in encouraging the teams to stay their courses.  Nonetheless, I found myself framing those struggles in the context of my past attempts at breaking through the growth ceiling, as well as the current journey I am on.

Immediately after the film, I tried to tune in to some of the conversation that took place between the educators who came to watch.  By and large, the ideas in the film were praised and appreciated, but I know it will come as no surprise to say that there was also an undercurrent of reluctance.  You couldn't miss the occasional "that's a good idea, buuuuut..." in the various conversations taking place around the room.

I'm not going to shock anyone by suggesting that meaningful change in education can be glacial in its pace and that part of the reason for the slow pace is the reluctance of individuals within the system to adopt new behaviors and new mindsets.  Having now participated in public education for over three decades, however, I feel that I can hesitatingly say that the nature of the revolution taking place today is, in fact, different than other changes we have seen in the past.

I think what makes things particularly difficult today is that the changes that are needed are quite foreign to many teachers, and they are changes that are required in more than a single classroom in order to have their best effect.  These two features contribute to an "inertial well" of practice that tends to drag us back to what works and what is familiar when attempts at change don't produce the results we're looking for.  I completely get it because up until a few years ago, I was as much of a "yeah but-er" as anyone.  Unable to overcome the early challenges of a new practice, I would often revert back to what I knew.

But my tune has since changed.  What's made it change has been the experience with working more closely with other educators.  What's clear to me is that meaningful, lasting change requires an alteration in culture, and cultures are made by more than one person.  To do what needs to be done, we need allies in the revolution.  Strength in numbers is a thing, and in education it is certainly no different.

Once we've accepted that, the question then quickly becomes one of "how?"  I can't pretend to have all those answers, but I do have some thoughts on the question of "how to start?"  And that might really be the more important question right now.

I'm going to assume that if you're reading this, you're one of the change-minded folks.  Perhaps you've already made the switch in your classroom and are putting learning first and students at the center of your practice.  But if we're going to get them to truly realize their potential, it will be better if you have some allies beating the same drum and that you're not doing it alone.  How do you get that going, then, as a rank-and-file teacher on the same "power stratum" as your colleagues?

Here I present 4 ways to get the shift started where you teach:

1.  Set Aside Your [insert barrier here] for Being a Change Evangelist

Whether it's from modesty, fear, lack of confidence, not wanting to be a pest, or whatever, too many of us with good ideas and strong principles just keep them to ourselves.  There are a host of reasons for this, but whatever they are, we need more people to get over it and spread the word.  Some just need to get out there and do it.  Others might need some guidance.  Great by Choice by Jim Collins or perhaps Mindful Leadership by Maria Gonzalez might be some good places to start.

It's important to realize that you don't need to have all the answers.  You just need to get the conversation started.  Invite a colleague out for coffee, and ask them what they'd do differently if they didn't have [insert systemic challenge here] holding them back.  Ask a few like-minded colleagues if they want to discuss a book or article with you.  Send an ally a TED Talk like this beauty by Will Richardson, and ask them what they think.

Gather friends and allies.  You don't have to preach to the masses, and you don't need to ruffle any feathers that are disinclined to being ruffled.  Find those who are looking to be found.  They're in every building, and they may be more numerous than you suspect.  Remember that we all started out wanting to make a difference and to be great, and don't be ashamed of wanting something better for you and your students.

2.  Encourage Others to Get Connected

Tweet.  Then talk about things you saw on Twitter that were great.  Tell your colleagues about a great blog you read.  Forward it.  Maybe even blog yourself, and ask a trusted colleague to give you some feedback.  When you encounter someone who claims they don't [insert relevant platform for making connections here], decide if that's a person who's open to new ideas.  If not, smile, shrug, and walk away.  If so, ask them why.  Suggest they consider it.  Tell them how that thing has been helping you.

The bottom line is that you shouldn't be the only source of "How To" and "Why Should We."  There's plenty out there, but not everyone is looking for it.  If you want some fellow revolutionaries along for the march, maybe show them where the muskets are stashed.

3.  Start a Creation Lab or a Design Team

Jennifer Hogan on her blog, The Compelled Educator, describes this practice as a way to carve out time to let teachers learn tech.  Whether it's new tech or any other instructional practice, simply inviting people to hang out and try new things can be really powerful.  In my last post I suggested checking out some resources at Stanford's Institute of Design to help frame a design session.  There are certainly others.  The Buck Institute for Education, for instance, has a plethora of PBL tools to help educators navigate the wide expanse of design ocean that is Project Based Learning.

Rather than trying to digest these tools and resources by yourself, see who else in your building or district might be willing to tackle them with you.  You don't have to be in the same department, grade, or even school.  Share your challenges, empathize with theirs, and work on designing solutions to them together.  If they happen to be shared challenges, that's fine, but it isn't a prerequisite.  And you just might find that fresh eyes on the problem will see it more clearly or from the angle the brings on the solution you couldn't find by yourself.

This doesn't have to be a huge time commitment.  Whether it's a short focussed session every other week or something more robust in the monthly or semi-monthly range, a lot of great ideas and great plans can materialize from a relatively short time investment.

4. Advocate for Yourself

Being a team player is important.  We've all had to suck up a tough teaching assignment, an inconvenient supervision, or half a dozen other pieces of time-draining minutia that are necessary realities in the profession.  Some folks make a fight of things like this.  Others don't.  Among those who don't, some complain anyway.  This isn't what I'm talking about here.

I'm referring to figuring out what you need in order to move towards making a bigger difference for kids in your building.  Is it a particular approach to Professional Learning?  Is it a prep that aligns with another teacher who is having an important impact on your practice?  Is it the chance to create a "school within a school" where you can prototype some next-level strategies?

Ask for these things.  Find some other folks who want those things too, and ask them to ask for them as well.  The "squeaky wheel gets the grease" idiom comes to mind here.  I prefer a turn on that phrase that I think is a little more positive and a little less about being a complainer: "Give the fast cars the most gas."  I can't give proper credit for the quote because I can't recall where I heard it, but it was certainly in reference to the notion that those who do more deserve more, and they shouldn't be afraid to ask for more.

*****

The lynchpin holding down all these strategies is that they work best in groups.  Whether a team of two or twenty-two, you're more likely to be an agent of systemic change if your ideas represent more of the system than just one teacher.  As it was in the movie our staff viewed, once you get moving there will be hiccups and hurdles.  Having more people invested in the success of the project ensures that the hurdles are more likely to be overcome.

Margaret Mead said to "never doubt that a small group of thoughtful committed citizens can change the world; indeed it is the only thing that ever has."  I'm inclined to agree.

The other distinct advantage of having more cooks in the kitchen is that more people can cook... literally!  I much prefer a meeting when there is food.  Shared responsibility and vision is as important in snack generation as it is in a work project!

What would you like to see happen in your building?  What change would you make if you had the power to make it exactly as you wanted it?  What ways are you finding like-minded teammates in your journey, and what are you working on together?  Please share in the comments.

Next post: how to move past the early steps and get more stakeholders on board.

Vive la revolution!
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Grow First: 5 Ways Teachers Can be 21st Century Learners

Socrates said that "true knowledge is knowing that you know nothing."  I've known a philosophy major or two who bristled at this paradox, citing the assertion as "ridiculous nonsense."  I doubt Socrates was being literal when he said this.  To me, this quote embodies one of the essential needs in education today: a growth mindset.  I believe that the essence of Socrates' declaration is that as soon as you've got things "figured out," growth ceases.  In some areas, that might not necessarily be the worst thing in the world.  I think I'd be fine with having "basement framing" figured out.  Sure, I might not discover new, more efficient and effective means of framing my basement, but at least I'd be able to frame my basement!

Education should necessarily require evolution.  Societies, and thus the students who live in them, continuously evolve.  We educators bear the responsibility of preparing students to exist within these societies, and thus as they change, so must we.  The old cliché "if you're not moving forward, you're moving backwards" applies in education at least as much as it does in business and in foot races.

I suspect that all educators know this on some intuitive level, but to a few, the constant need to change can be an uncomfortable reality.  We've all been subject to the "new initiative," some mandated-from-upon-high addition to our work load that defies common sense and produces little meaningful good in our classrooms.  If the frequency or scope of these decrees is significant, it can jade even the most optimistic of teachers and cause us to become skeptical of any form of deviation from the status quo.  But it does not alter the fundamental need for adaptation to a constantly shifting societal landscape.  Nor does it alter our individual obligation to be the best we can be for the students we are charged with teaching.

Educational systems as a whole lack for a growth mindset.  Politicians may pay lip service to reform, but, systemically, things tend to stay the same more than they tend to change.  I think it is we teachers who have the greatest power to lead an inertial shift that brings about meaningful change within schools and our individual classrooms.  If we ensure that each of us is operating with a growth mindset, the system upon which we operate will necessarily reflect that.  Much has been written on this subject, including a whole book that I will admit I'm still meaning to read.  What I have gleaned from the edusphere about growth mindsets thus far, however, is that when they are fostered in our students, we see greater resiliency, increased likelihood of overcoming setbacks and failures, and more long term success.  I need to assume the same would be true of similar habits of mind in teachers.

As it is with most things, our ability to encourage a skill, a habit, or a mindset in others is often directly proportional to our own ability to understand and demonstrate that skill, habit, or mindset.

If we're going to preach growth, we should practice growth.

And before I get excessively preachy myself, I will freely admit that this has been a hard line for me to follow personally.  In being reflective of my own practice, I've discovered a good many behaviors and thought patterns that directly oppose the principles of growth and meaningful professional development.  I don't want to dwell too heavily on all the ways I'm doing things badly, but I think it's a useful endeavor to share a few of the behaviors that I know I need to work on in order to improve and grow as an educator.  See if there are any here that you can relate to.

In reflecting on my practices as an educator, colleague, mentor, or mentee, I have at times...

• dismissed opinions or viewpoints that are contrary to my own without first considering them objectively, honestly, and with an open mind.
• been closed off (at times to the point of hostility) in both language and posture with others who have given me feedback that was anything less than ideal.
• been reluctant to engage with stakeholders outside my class (parents, colleagues, admin, etc.) out of fear of being judged or criticized harshly.
• made pedagogical/instructional choices that offered a lesser value to students based on my own reservations about how I would be perceived by a group (students, colleagues, admin, parents, public, etc.).
• avoided pursuing a potentially meaningful strategy or plan because it required admitting a deficit in my own knowledge or ability.
• was dishonest about something I said or did in a class in order to either to gain some manner of positive reward (prestige, esteem, etc.) or avoid some manner of negative repercussion.
• avoided seeking feedback about my teaching from students out of fear that the feedback would be less than ideal.
• gave up on or disengaged from something (a technique, a teaching strategy, an initiative, etc.) much earlier than was warranted by its level of difficulty, resistance, or failure.
• derided a colleague's practice in the presence of another colleague with the ulterior motive of elevating my own status.
• entertained criticisms of a colleague by students for no real purpose beyond "gossiping."

That's a pretty rough laundry list and probably isn't even complete.  But I can't honestly espouse a mindset of learning, growth, and continued positive transformation if I can't emulate parts of that mindset, one of which is acknowledging the ways in which we sabotage our own growth.  Once we are able to be mindful of our own limiting behaviors, it becomes possible to reverse them and their effects.  It isn't easy, but the payoff can be limitless.

From there, we then can examine all of the things we hope for and try to instill in our students.  Each of those goals and outcomes should be features that we have either instilled in ourselves, or at the very least are trying to.  Do you want your students to be innovators?  In what ways do you innovate as a teacher?  Do you hope your students will become effective collaborators with one another?  Where does collaboration take place in your practice?  What does it look like when it is most effective?  

There has never really been a point where ongoing learning wasn’t a critical part of a good teacher’s job. But there may also never have been a point where such a significant shift in mindsets among educators was necessary. There has perhaps never been a point where having a growth mindset as a teacher has been more critical, both for our own needs and for helping students meet theirs.

To that end I present a few approaches that I think can help us to achieve these ends:

1.  Let's open our practices to our colleagues.

Whether you've been teaching for 20 years or 20 days, critical feedback always has the potential to be transformative.  Constructive peer feedback has been transformative in my own practice, and I am convinced it should be a vital part of any systemic transformation.  Seeking out a regular mentor/mentee relationship, finding opportunities to team teach (even if only briefly), or simply asking a colleague for some feedback about a lesson over a cup coffee can all offer a wealth of potential.

In their book Hacking Education: 10 Quick Fixes for Every School, Mark Barnes (@markbarnes19) and Jennifer Gonzalez (@cultofpedagogy) suggest using what they call a Pineapple Chart. The pineapple is a symbol of welcome and hospitality, and the pineapple chart is a mechanism that is used to let colleagues know when they are welcome in one another's classes.  Being able to entertain critical feedback of our practices may be humbling and unnerving.  However, coupled with a structured feedback system, such as the Critical Friends Protocol, the potential for growth is tremendous.

2.  Let's use design frameworks to help each other identify critical outcomes and the paths for achieving them.

The folks over at Stanford (I hear they're smart there) have been putting together some pretty nifty tools in their Institute for Design.  What's cool about their approach is that you don't need to be an expert in a particular field in order to be helpful to people in that field when using these design strategies.  Participants in their workshops and classes come from a wide range of backgrounds and are able to use basic design architecture to give and receive tremendously useful ideas and feedback.  Take a look at one of their crash courses to get a sense of how a group of people can help each other innovate and create.  Applied as a tool for instructional design (or just about any other educational endeavor), great things can happen.

3.  Let's advocate for personalization of our professional learning.

The educational establishment is coming around to the notion that one-size does not fit all for our students.  The same sentiment needs to be applied with teachers and the way we approach professional learning.  Are you an administrator or a jurisdictional leader?  Ask yourself how your approach to professional learning emulates what you want to see teachers in your school(s) do with personalization in their classrooms.  Are your teachers passive recipients of common PL offerings, or is there capacity for teachers to construct and implement growth plans in ways that are individually meaningful to them? One-size of professional learning does not fit all teachers any more than one-sized teaching fits all learners.

If you are a teacher and find your professional development to be narrow, unfulfilling, and unrelated to your practice, you probably aren't alone in the way you feel.  We're all very capable of grousing and complaining about how useless a particular talk or in-service training session was, but are we ready and willing to craft an approach that obsoletes the model we're so quick to complain about?  In a fully realized 21st century school, we imagine students empowered to the point where they are able to script their own learning outcomes and paths to achieving them.  Before we are ready to work within such an advanced model, perhaps we should consider how we might script our own professional learning outcomes.

Find allies (strength in numbers after all), develop an alternative (otherwise it's still just complaining), and make your pitch with humble honesty.  I don't know too many administrators so draconian as to deny a reasonable request at self-improvement, particularly if the requests are sincere, well considered, and detailed.  For those who are stymied, perhaps we can put our heads together and develop some strategies for navigating (and in some cases toppling) barriers.  Maybe a topic for a future blog...

4.  Let's engage with the world outside our school's walls.

That you are reading this blog means I'm "preaching to the choir" on this one.  I'm becoming a bit of a broken record with regards to advocating the cultivation of critical relationships outside the school community, but it's something I don't think can be overstated.  It's a big world out there and a connected teacher will be much better able to connect students.  YouTube, Twitter, Pinterest, blogs, podcasts, and webinars have already joined literature and conferences as staples in the connected educator's arsenal of professional resources.  More tools continue to surface regularly, including collaboration tools like Voxer, Blab, and Periscope, allowing teachers to connect with more colleagues, more educational partners, and more ideas than ever before.

5. Let's not worry about getting it perfect on the first try.

We want our students to reflect, revise, and refine don't we?  We need to do it too.  Our first attempt at doing things differently might not produce all the results we're looking for right out of the gate.  As in all design processes, iteration will be necessary.  We have to take the time to be reflective with as much objectivity as we can muster, work on getting the approach right, and not simply falling back into the habits of comfort and control.

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Growth isn't always easy, but when it's sought in earnest and achieved, it is tremendously fulfilling.  Ghandi said to "be the change you wish to see in the world."  For an educator, no sentiment could be more relevant.

TL;DR: The first step to developing growth mindsets in our students is developing them in ourselves.  Innovate, collaborate, self-advocate, reflect, refine, and accept critique in your practice, and you will be much better at helping your students do all of these things.

Vive la revolution!

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Why Innovation?

The word innovation comes up a lot in educhatter these days.  Entire books are written on the subject.  We have apparently already closed the door on the information age (can we really call it an "age" if it only lasted 20ish years), and are now told that we live in the innovation age.  Educational literature abounds with a push to produce innovators in my country and abroad.  But what is the big deal with innovation anyway?  How many people in a society do we really regard as being "innovators?"  Sure Steve Jobs and Mark Zuckerberg did some pretty spectacular innovating, but there's only so much room for the Apples and Facebooks of the world right?  We can't ALL be innovators, can we?

Before making a case for innovation and practices that generate more innovation in our schools and more innovators from them, we should make sure we're on the same page with regards to what innovation IS.  Innovation often gets mixed up with creativity, and I think the two words are used almost interchangeably.  This isn't that big a problem.  Personally, I think both matter, and the two concepts interact with one another in many ways.  That being said...

Innovation is the act of changing something that already is (methods, practices, policies, products, etc.).  It is fundamentally an alteration of what currently exists.

Creativity is the act of creating something that never was.

The distinction isn't tremendously important, and the two words are typically listed as synonyms of one another in the thesaurus.  For whatever reason, however, it's "innovation" that seems to get more play when we hear about the kinds of people society apparently needs more of.  You see this word routinely in business circles.  Where creativity often gets ascribed to artistic practices, innovation is apparently the quality that we need to cultivate in our youth if we are to stay competitive in the global economy.  Personally, I think the two concepts are tightly intertwined, and the common distinction of creativity (art) and innovation (practical stuff) is a false dichotomy.  Whether creative or innovative, our next generation is well served if they are either or both.

So why then should innovation matter so much in our classrooms?  I once had a lengthy discussion with a colleague where he asserted that most kids don't really need to be innovative, and that the notion distracted from their real needs.  He argued that the skills most of them actually need are learning how things are currently done in a particular field so that they can get a good job in that field, do what is needed of them by their employers, and thus, stay employed.  Innovation was for the elite few students capable of making it in the world "on their own" and that these kids will likely emerge regardless of the system they are educated in.  Suffice to say, we disagreed.  If he had made that argument in 1967, or even maybe 1986, I think he would have had some data to support the argument.

In 2015, however, that just doesn't hold water.  Businesses and corporations have come and gone for decades.  That's nothing new.  What IS new is the pace at which new processes, new technologies, and new markets emerge, both on local scales and on global ones.  Microeconomic platforms such as Esty, Kijiji, and Teacher Pay Teachers multiply daily.  The appetite for all things "new" and "improved" around the globe grows unabated.  The world of work today is not what it was 20 years ago and is almost unrecognizable from the economies of our parents' generation from which it has evolved.

There is a prevailing myth circling the internet that some large percentage of jobs that our kids will hold 10 years from now will not have been invented yet.  This same ridiculous claim was made 10 years ago, and other folks who are much better at research than I am have demonstrated that this is very likely to be false.  The trend, however, that isn't being talked about in seminars your school's career counsellor is attending is the growing rate of contract work over traditional employment.  In Canada, the US, and other developed nations the shift toward temporary contract work is unmistakable.  More and more people are having to market themselves as a brand throughout their adult lives over selling themselves as employees a few times throughout a career.

This reality requires that a much greater percentage of the working public needs to have the ability to stay abreast of their fields, whether they be in software development or spot welding, without the support and ongoing training of an employer to spur on innovation and growth.  Contractors must continuously learn and adapt as they transition between contracts and markets in order to stay employed.

And in economies that are narrow the need for diversity, innovation, and skill agility is more apparent than ever.  Albertans should be clamboring loudest for changes in our educational systems.  Our ability to train future oil executives and future righands is pretty well established.  But in the bust times of our boom-and-bust economy, the level of panic and stress in this province is palpable.  Do Albertan parents really want their kids to be subject to the same rollercoaster rides the majority of our economy lurches through roughly every seven years?  And this doesn't even touch on the notion that one day, perhaps a day closer than we might want to imagine, we could be facing a global reality where oil simply isn't the thing we use to power the planet any more.  This could arise because oil becomes obsolete or because the damage that is done by the practice of burning hydrocarbons becomes so glaringly atrocious that we have no choice.  What then of our need to innovate when we must reinvent an entire provincial economy?

When we couple this reality with that of exponentially increasing computational power in our technological systems, the future looks even more uncertain.  In the mid 20th century, automation replaced millions of middle income blue collar jobs, transitioning the middle class into predominantly white collar careers.  Today, technology is replacing many of those white collar careers as well.  For instance, computers running AI software can now take the place of journalists in preparing news copy, which represents only the tip of a very large iceberg.  Even teachers may be subject to the shift towards automation.  A teacher who acts only in the capacity of Information Dispensary is already long past obsolete, with MOOCS and YouTube able to easily and at least as effectively (if not more so) take the place of the average Stand-and-Deliver-er.  We too are not immune from the need to innovate and adapt.

Albertans, and Canadians in general, can continue to trundle along riding the rails of our resource-based economics that have driven our nation since its inception.  If we're smart, however, we will recognize that a changing world will offer changing opportunities.  We have as much at stake in keeping our planet humming along productively as any other nation on this planet.  Globally, we must eventually figure out how to feed and water tens of billions of people, provide energy to all of them, keep disease at bay, and find harmony and happiness in a global village that is cramped and angry in many of its parts.  We are long past the point at which turning the environmental ship entirely back to a sustainability setting is realistic.  We must invent ways to reverse inevitable damage being done to our atmosphere, oceans, and land.

And all of this will require innovators.

So why not us?  Why would we leave this to other nations to shape?  My answer is a simple one: we shouldn't.

Instead, let's teach our kids how to DO things again.  Let's give them an opportunity to work on problems that matter in their lives and in the lives of the world around them.  Let's show them that trying something, failing at it, going back to the drawing board, and trying again is worth it.  Don't think they can?  Just watch your kid try to nail a trick on his skateboard.  Iteration is ingrained within us.

Perhaps we should reconsider the question we ask of every young person regarding what they want to do when they grow up.  Maybe it's time to start asking them what they want to do right now.  Yes, many of our kids will say "play hockey," or worse: "play Facebook games." Heck, most days I want to play hockey and Facebook games!  But if, within our schools, we foster cultures of creation, of innovating and generating solutions to compelling problems, we'll also get to hear them reply with things like "write a story," or "build a robot," or "make a difference to people on the other side of my school's walls."

We need innovation right now.  Not sure how to start?  I'll recommend Tony Wagner's Creating Innovators as a great place to begin.  Then the next step is to get some dialogue going in your school and in your community.  We need more people starting and engaging in these conversations with urgency and agency.  And then we need to get moving on that revolution.

How do you foster innovation in your own classroom?  How does your school encourage innovative practices in its students?  Its staff?  Comment below or Tweet me your thoughts!

TL;DR: Creating innovators gives our kids and our economy the best chance for a bright future.  Being innovators gives us teachers that chance as well.

Vive la revolution!


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Coasters Optional: Are These Exciting or Frustrating Times?

Depending on the kind of teacher you are, right now might either be one of the most exciting or one of the most frustrating times in education in decades.  If you are a teacher who has found a high degree of comfort in what you do, feel that you are effective at it, and are operating in a fairly teacher-centered ("traditional") learning environment, you probably find current edu-culture  and edu-chatter to be pretty frustrating.  You're hearing a lot of talk that doesn't fit with your teaching paradigm, a paradigm that already looks and feels like it's working very well.  All this 21st century business is just another ill-fated attempt at fixing what isn't broken.

And you have a pretty good idea what I've got to say about that, don't you?  I'm going to try to convince you of how wrong you are and that you should come over to my line of thinking about changing the educational system and being a completely different kind of teacher, right?  Well don't get too defensive just yet.  I mean... yes I am going to do all that, but I don't think that your view of things is without validity or merit.  The other day I gave a trigonometry lecture and handed out some worksheets.  Pretty traditional.  I don't think you are the embodiment of evil because that's how you principally operate, especially so if you've never been offered a compelling reason to do it any other way.  I get it.

If anything, I feel like I'm the "bad guy" here, not you.  From your perspective, what you've been up to has worked pretty well and there isn't any good reason to fix what "ain't already broke."  I, on the other hand, actually think that it IS broken, and I nevertheless teach quite traditionally sometimes.  So it seems I'm being a hypocrite, and some days that is honestly the case.  I don't always practice what I preach.  I should point out before moving on, however, that I'm working daily on not being a hypocrite.  Rome wasn't built in a day.  Back to you, though:  Presently, you're probably hoping that everyone will leave you more or less alone and just let you do your job.  You work hard at it, and you do it well, right?  Well here's what I'd like you to do:

Ask yourself honestly if yours is the job that needs doing for your kids right now.  If you're a high school teacher, and you're well established and effective, you are probably very good at getting students into college or university.  I'll be frank when I say that as a young teacher (fresh out of university with an Ed degree that followed a BSc in biochemistry) I had a very university-oriented mindset, which had a profound impact on my teaching for years.  I placed a tremendous amount of weight on getting my students ready for university, regardless of the grade I was teaching, and regardless of how university-bound my students seemed to be (teaching them all that way gives everyone the chance to make it, right?).

Today, scrutiny of our post-secondary institutions is growing, as we start to understand how poor a job many of our research-based universities are doing in the teaching and learning department.  There is a wealth of literature damning the quality of post-secondary education, particularly in the US.  Our statistics in Canada are slightly better off, partially because we place a much higher emphasis on vocational training and certification programs that actually get people jobs here, but the university graduate game isn't everything it's cracked up to be north of the border either.  Only a quarter of Canadians get Bachelors degrees these days, and of those, roughly half of them report getting jobs that are in their fields.  Scrutiny of teaching practices here reveals similar findings as in institutions around the world -- quality teaching is not the top priority of our "elite" universities.  Don't get me wrong here.  I'm not saying that we shouldn't be sending kids to college.

What I am saying is that if you're a teacher who is highly adept at getting your students to win at diploma exams or SATs and AP finals, that's great.  But you're really only serving a thin slice of students and that slice could probably be served just as well (if not better) by folks with more tech and more pizzazz who post educational videos on YouTube.  Like it or not, your skill set has been obsoleted by the internet.  For all you know, Salman Khan might be more responsible for your students' test scores these days than you are.  So unless you've got retirement within striking distance, I think you might want to consider taking a sip or two of the progressive Kool Aid.  We've got work in store.

On that note, I mentioned two groups of teachers at the beginning of this post, and I'd much rather talk about the other bunch: the teachers for whom these times in education are so exciting.  For those teachers willing to consider that the current educational paradigm does not serve the current societal paradigm, we have no shortage of opportunity laid before us.  We are tasked by our children to create an education that serves all of them and not just the thin slice destined to get a degree and work within their chosen field of study.  We are asked to prepare them for a world that will demand unprecedented levels of innovation, civic engagement, and creative solutions to very real problems.

That might sound particularly daunting, but I'm here to tell you that while daunting it may be, it also has so much potential to be fulfilling, energizing, and empowering.  I don't know many teachers working right now who aren't struggling with the fact that we can feel the erosion of our ability to make a difference in our traditional teaching.  One of the reasons I started teaching was that I felt I was a good story-teller.  But like most people without a Hollywood budget to back them, my ability to entertain my way into good teaching has been utterly usurped by the stimulation rich 21st century.  I can barely compete with YouTube and Facebook, much less 24 hour streaming movies and the few hundred new video games uploaded to the iTunes and Google Play stores every day.

Recreating education places us squarely back in the role that most of us imagined having when we joined the profession: difference makers.  Designing the shift that will connect more of your students in your classrooms with real-world problems, creative endeavors, and opportunities to explore and innovate will give all of them the chance to have rich, rewarding lives both in their time with you as students and after they leave your building.  That process won't be easy, but it can be every bit as thrilling and engaging as the experiences you hope to give your kids.  We want our students to find their passions and then to pursue them vigorously.  Shouldn't we be doing the same?  Educating students effectively is (or at least was at one point) each of our passions.  And right now we have a chance to innovate, create, and problem solve just as we hope our students will.  Personally, I find that process richly rewarding, challenging though it is.

I've tried to outline ways that teachers could start making steps toward positive transformation in earlier posts.  I'm excited to report that I'm not just a peddler of my own snake oil, but a customer as well.  Building Futures is but one step on the road to revolution.  I look forward to reflecting on the transformations that me and my colleagues are working on crafting in coming months and years.  For now I'll end this post with a final suggestion, something that I've alluded to before as being vital to the revolution:

Whiteboards and Watermarks.

It's not just the name of the blog.  It's where the journey begins.  I've heard the term "EduCoffee" or "EdCafe" before.  Whiteboards and watermarks is the same idea; I just don't feel the need to limit the beverage choice to coffee.  My personal preference comes from the malted beverage family.  Here's how it goes:

1. Find some friends, allies, collaborators.
2. Get some "whiteboards" (pads of paper, laptops, chart paper, whatever you like).  
3. Pour yourselves a cup, a mug, or a glass of whatever excites your palettes.  Some of those beverages may have cause to leave a watermark or two.  Coasters are optional.
4. Discuss.  If you could do it the way you wanted in order to give the maximum number of kids the maximum number of opportunities to have rich, rewarding educational experiences, what would that look like for you?

Who knows... yours just might be the discussion that changes the game for an entire generation.

Exciting times indeed.

TL;DR: If you want to do things "the old way," I'm afraid you're running out of time where that's going to be OK.  Make the switch now, and come join us on an exciting wave of innovation and creative design where we teachers literally get to help change the world for the better!!

Vive la resistance!!

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